Instead of commercial cat litter, you can use sand, wood shavings or peat. Don't use peat for long-haired cats, however; it sticks to their coats.
To deodorise any type of litter, mix 1 part bicarbonate of soda into 3 parts litter; cover the bottom of the cat tray with a layer of bicarbonate of soda.
Use cut-up plastic bin liners as litter box liners.
Better still, make a 'pillowcase' for your cat tray: slip the whole box into a heavy-duty rubbish bag (or two thin ones - claws can punch tiny holes) and pour the litter on to the surface of the bag. When it's time to dispose of the contents, simply turn the bag inside-out over the litter and lift it out of the tray.